(UroToday.com) Intravesical Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) is the first-line therapy for high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NIMBC). However, its mechanism of action is not fully understood. Dr. Alok Singh presented data from investigators at The Johns Hopkins University, where they have engineered a recombinant BCG (rBCG) that releases increased levels of STING agonist, c-di-AMP, and compared effects of rBCG to wild type BCG (WT-BCG) in NMIBC rat models.