(UroToday.com) The SPARTAN clinical trial was a randomized phase 3 placebo-controlled patients evaluating the efficacy of the Androgen Receptor antagonist apalutamide in combination with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in patients with nonmetastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) whose PSA doubling time was less than 12 months. The schema of the study is shown below. Patients were randomized 2:1 to either apalutamide or placebo in combination with ADT. The primary outcome of the study was metastasis free survival (MFS), which is a surrogate for overall survival. Secondary and exploratory outcomes of the study are shown below.