(UroToday.com) BCG-unresponsive non-muscle invasive bladder cancer remains a challenging disease to treat given the limited treatment options and a proportion of this patient population that are either unfit or unwilling to undergo radical cystectomy. Hyperthermic Intra-Vesical Chemotherapy (HIVEC) is a treatment option for these patients, which includes intravesical instillation of a chemotherapeutic agent with pre-treatment warming of the solution typically to 41-43ºC. At the American Society of Clinical Oncology Genitourinary Cancers Symposium (ASCO GU), Dr. Geraldine Pignot presented results evaluating HIVEC efficacy, specifically 1-year disease-free survival rate and bladder preservation rate in patients with high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer who fail BCG therapy or are contraindicated to BCG.