Highlights
- Complete response is the de facto primary endpoint for NAC trials in locally advanced UC.
- Residual CIS-only after NAC and RC had similar survival to patients with complete response in a large cohort.
- Residual CIS-only may be considered for inclusion as an endpoint for survival in NAC trials.
- CR as the sole endpoint in NAC trials may not capture many patients who are deriving benefit.
Purpose: To better define surrogate endpoints for neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) trials in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. We compared survival in patients with carcinoma in-situ (CIS) only vs. complete response following NAC and radical cystectomy (RC).