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Interstitial cystitis and interstitial cystitis-related conditions such as bladder pain syndrome and hypersensitive bladder have a similar symptomatic profile but probably different etiologies. A meaningful classification of these diseases/conditions is mandatory for clinical and investigational progress. The condition with Hunner lesions (Hunner type interstitial cystitis) is distinct from other categories in terms of histopathology, gene […]

Sperm chromatin integrity is essential for normal embryo development and pregnancy outcome. Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) testing constitutes a diagnostic tool to measure the proportion of sperm with damaged chromatin in the ejaculate. SDF is associated with potentially treatable conditions, including varicocele, male accessory gland infections, inadequate lifestyle, and gonadotoxin exposure, thus prompting their treatment […]

The identification of idiopathic infertility cases, actually, is impossible. Among new functional tests, developed to improve the male fertility diagnosis, the evaluation of spermatic myo-inositol (MI) level, known as Andrositol® test (AT), is one of the most interesting, considering its weak economic burden and ease of use. The aim of this study was to evaluate […]

The symptoms of neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD) comprise constipation and fecal incontinence. These have a major impact on quality of life and dignity. Bowel symptoms occur in the majority of patients with chronic neurological diseases like multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, and Parkinson’s disease. Management relies on obtaining a careful bowel history, including assessment of […]

Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) can counteract the highly frequent involuntary muscle contractions and the uncontrolled micturition events that characterize the neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) due to supra-sacral spinal cord lesions. The ability of the toxin to block the neurotransmitter vesicular release causes the reduction of contractions and improves the compliance of the muscle and the bladder […]

The urinary bladder has two functions: urine storage and voiding. Clinically, two major categories of lower urinary tract symptoms can be defined: storage symptoms such as incontinence and urgency, and voiding symptoms such as feeling of incomplete bladder emptying and slow urinary stream. Urgency to void with or without incontinence is called overactive bladder (OAB). […]

To evaluate seasonal variations of overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms in women who visited hospital clinics. Medical records of female patients treated for OAB symptoms from January 2011 to December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with pyuria at the first visit, those who did not complete the questionnaire, and those with <3 overactive bladder symptom scores […]

Nocturnal polyuria (NP) and global polyuria (GP) are not mutually exclusive. However, by rate, the common criteria for GP (40 mL/kg/24 hours [117 mL/kg/hour in a 70-kg individual] or 3000 mL/24 hours [125 mL/h]) are more stringent than those for NP (90 mL/hour during the sleep period or NP index [NPi; nocturnal volume/24-hour volume] > 0. 33 [no minimum rate]). It remains unclear whether […]

Nocturia can be one of the most bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms that can significantly affect quality of life. In both sexes, nocturia has been associated with decreased overall health. We aim to assess the prevalence of nocturia in US females and identify factors associated with significant nocturia. A cross-sectional, US population-based database (National Health […]

To evaluate overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms in patients undergoing diagnostic cystoscopy. Overall changes in the entire study population were assessed, as well as broken down by various subgroups. A prospective multi-center study among consecutive 450 adults undergoing diagnostic cystoscopy was conducted. OAB-symptoms were evaluated with the validated eight-item OAB Screening Awareness Tool (OAB-V8) immediately before […]