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Anti-PD-L1/PD-1 immunotherapy has improved survival for certain patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma. However, the mechanisms of resistance to these agents have not been fully elucidated. We report the first combined analysis using RNA sequencing, whole-exome sequencing (WES), and flow cytometry of multiple tumor specimens over a 5-yr period for a patient undergoing anti-PD-L1 therapy. Initial […]

To determine whether the extent or number of lymph nodes (LNs) is important in muscle-invasive bladder cancer and high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients’ oncologic outcomes. A total of 448 patients who underwent radical cystectomy with lymphadenectomy of standard, extended, and super-extended template were included. Exclusion criteria were neoadjuvant chemotherapy and limited lymphadenectomy. Disease-free survival (DFS) […]

The majority of patients with renal cell carcinoma develop recurrence within 5 years following radical nephrectomy. Very late sole local recurrence beyond 10 years is rare, and all reported cases had clear cell histology. Surgical resection of local recurrence remains the best option for disease management. This case opens the way for further studying the rare histological […]

The transcription factor SOX18, which was initially discovered as an activator of genetic transcription during embryogenesis, is now implicated in many diseases, including cancer, and is associated with the malignant tumor phenotype, angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis. However, the role of SOX18 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is not well understood. In the current study, […]

Conditional survival (CS) represents the probability that a cancer patient will survive some additional number of years, given that the patient has already survived for a certain period of time. CS estimates, therefore, serve as better measures of survival probability compared to standard estimates as they incorporate patient survivorship. Stage-specific CS has not been widely […]

To compare the correlation of transition zone prostate-specific antigen density (TZPSAD) versus whole gland (WG) density (PSAD) with Gleason score. In this single-center, retrospective cohort study, men undergoing MRI of the prostate in 2015 and 2016 who had a transperineal template saturation biopsy within 6 months of MRI were included (n = 178; median age 64 y, […]

Detection of androgen receptor (AR) splice variant-7 (AR-V7) messenger RNA (mRNA) in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is associated with a suboptimal response to abiraterone and enzalutamide in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Galeterone inhibits CYP17 and AR, and induces AR protein degradation. We hypothesized that galeterone would be clinically superior to enzalutamide in AR-V7-positive (AR-V7+) […]

Inflammation and focal atrophy are common features adjacent to prostate tumors. Limited evidence exists on whether these features have prognostic significance. In the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study and Physicians’ Health Study, we studied 1,035 men diagnosed with prostate cancer. A genitourinary pathologist centrally reviewed tumor and normal areas of hematoxylin and eosin slides from prostate […]

STAMPEDE arm H demonstrated a survival benefit for newly diagnosed prostate cancer (PCa) patients with low metastatic burden (LMB) who additionally received radiotherapy (RT) to the primary. However, it is unknown if radical prostatectomy (RP) may achieve equivalent results, since existing studies did neither include the same selection criteria nor examine comparable endpoints as STAMPEDE […]

Enzalutamide and abiraterone acetate plus prednisolone (AAP) are used in combination with androgen-deprivation therapy to further suppress the androgen stimulation of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). First-line mCRPC treatment with enzalutamide and AAP yields similar overall survival and radiographic progression-free survival in phase III trials. Thus, treatment selection relies on patient choice, cost and side […]