Neoadjuvant Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma – Expert Commentary
The definitive treatment for high-grade localized upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is radical nephroureterectomy (RNU). Neoadjuvant pembrolizumab was tested in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer before radical cystectomy and demonstrated promising efficacy in the PURE-01 trial. However, it is unclear if patients with UTUC will draw a similar benefit.