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Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a heterogeneous group of malignant neoplasms that currently encompasses about fifteen different recognized subtypes, a number that will likely increase in this year’s anticipated new World Health Organization (WHO) urinary tract and male genital system tumor classification. Clear cell, papillary (type 1), and chromophobe RCC constitute about 80 – 90% […]

Background: Immune checkpoint blockade has made a significant impact on the clinical outcomes of patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC). However, evidence for this approach in patients with non-UC of the urinary tract is limited.

To investigate the potential for decreasing radiation dose when utilizing a third generation versus second generation dual-source dual-energy CT scanner, while maintaining diagnostic image quality and acceptable image noise.

A few prospective studies have suggested that tea, alcohol, and fruit consumption may reduce the risk of kidney stones. However, little is known whether such associations and their combined effect persist in Chinese adults, for whom the popular tea and alcohol drinks are different from those investigated in the aforementioned studies.

There is a perception that patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) are more likely to develop kidney stones than the general population. To compare the rate of hospital encounter with kidney stones and the rate of stone interventions between patients with and without ADPKD.

Renal stone disease is common and can cause emergency presentation with acute pain due to ureteric colic. International guidelines have stated the need for a multicentre randomised controlled trial (RCT) to determine whether a non-invasive outpatient (shockwave lithotripsy [SWL]) or surgical (ureteroscopy [URS]) intervention should be the first-line treatment for those needing active intervention.

Endocorporeal laser lithotripsy (ELL) is currently the gold standard for the treatment of renal stones during retrograde intra-renal surgery (RIRS). The newly-authorised thulium fibre laser (Tm-Fibre) in now evaluated as a holmium:yttrium-aluminium-garnet (Ho:YAG) laser alternative, which is the most well-known laser source for ELL.

Peyronie’s disease (PD) is due to a fibrotic alteration of the tunica albuginea of the penis. It is responsible of penile pain, angulation, and possible erectile dysfunction (ED). Despite almost three centuries have passed since the first description of the disease, etiology still remains uncertain.

Sperm DNA integrity has become one of the most discussed and promising biomarkers for the assessment of male fertility. However, an easy-to-apply method capable of estimating DNA fragmentation in the live fraction of spermatozoa has remained elusive, preventing this parameter from being fully applied in clinical settings.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) commonly causes lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) through narrowing of the urethra and disruption of innervation of the gland. BPH is common in older men. Risk factors include Black race, Hispanic ethnicity, obesity, type 2 diabetes, high levels of alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, and a family history of BPH.