Presenting an atlas of Hunner lesions in interstitial cystitis which can be identified with office cystoscopy.

To assist clinicians in proper visual diagnosis of Hunner lesions by providing an atlas of representative images of the variability in Hunner lesion appearance. Available cystoscopic images of Hunner lesions were reviewed from patients with interstitial cystitis or bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) treated by a single clinician between 2011 and 2020.

Leukocytospermia is not an informative predictor of positive semen culture in infertile men: results from a validation study of available guidelines.

Are the European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines for performing semen culture accurate enough for detecting a positive semen culture in Caucasian-European infertile men? The majority (80%) of asymptomatic infertile men with a positive sperm culture may miss a proper diagnostic assessment when relying on EAU guidelines; no single parameter can assist in medical decision-making.

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