Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) is an important primary treatment option for men with high-risk clinical stage I and select clinical stage II non-seminomatous germ cell tumor (NSGCT) following radical orchiectomy. Over the past few decades, rates of RPLND have declined as surveillance and single-cycle chemotherapy have gained strong support as safe and effective options. Recently, robot-assisted RPLND has emerged as a promising alternative to the open approach, in a few early studies.