Bladder cancers (BC) are among tumor types with a high mutation load. Somatic mutations can encode mutant peptides that can be recognized by T-cells as neoantigens triggering an anti-tumor immune response. T cells can identify mutant epitopes when presented by human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules. The HLA-1 profile in a cancer patient is a crucial determinant of the immunoreactivity against cancer neoepitopes.