(UroToday.com) While there have been transformational changes in first-line therapy for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in the past three years, these studies have focused on patients with clear cell histology. As a result, there have been little direct data to guide care for patients with non-clear cell histologies (nccRCC) and we have had to rely primarily on extrapolation from data derived among patients with clear cell disease. As such, sunitinib has remained the NCCN guideline-recommended first-line treatment. Further, while anti-PD-1 therapy is active in many cancers, many patients fail monotherapy. The UNISON trial (ANZUP 1602/NCT03177239) initially assessed the activity and outcomes of nivolumab monotherapy in people with nccRCC. In the Kidney and Bladder Poster session at the 2021 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting, Dr. Craig Gedye presented results of the second part of this trial examining outcomes from combining salvage ipilimumab and nivolumab, in people whose cancers are refractory to nivolumab alone.