(UroToday.com) The treatment landscape in advanced prostate cancer has rapidly evolved. In the context of metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), docetaxel was the first agent to demonstrate a survival benefit when combined with conventional androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Following this, a number of androgen receptor targeting agents have been assessed, beginning with abiraterone acetate. More recently, targeted therapies including PARP inhibitors and immunotherapy have been assessed. In the phase 1/2 KEYNOTE-365 study (NCT02861573), the combination of pembrolizumab (an anti-PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor) and olaparib (a PARP inhibitor) demonstrated antitumor activity and acceptable safety in molecularly unselected patients treated with docetaxel for mCRPC (cohort A).