To investigate the prognostic significance of total cell-free DNA (cfDNA) level and androgen receptor amplification (AR-amp) in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).

We retrospectively compared the total cfDNA level and AR-amp in 42 individuals without prostate cancer, 57 patients with localized prostate cancer without androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT), 97 patients with castration-sensitive prostate cancer (CSPC) with ADT, and 97 patients with CRPC.

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