(UroToday.com) As a portion of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Annual Congress, an Educational Session focused on personalized care in genitourinary cancers was held. In this context, Dr. Turajlic discussed the role of biomarkers in kidney cancer. She began by highlighting the profound need for biomarkers in the management of patients with renal cell carcinoma including to guide prediction of the response to therapy, to stratify patients for adjuvant therapy, to guide rationale combinations of therapies, and to inform the discovery of new therapeutic targets.