Bladder Recurrence Following Diagnostic Ureteroscopy in Patients Undergoing Nephroureterectomy for Upper Tract Urothelial Cancer: Is Ureteral Access Sheath Protective?

To examine the effect of diagnostic ureteroscopy (URS) and ureteral access sheath usage on bladder recurrence following radical nephroureterectomy (RNU).

We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients who underwent RNU between 2005-2019.