(UroToday.com) The 2022 EAU Section of Oncological Urology (ESOU) Annual Meeting included a session on locally advanced and metastatic renal cancer and a presentation by Dr. Lewis Au discussing liquid biomarkers in advanced kidney cancer. Dr. Au notes that the purpose of liquid biomarkers is to capture tumor genomic features through blood sampling. With regards to general nomenclature, Dr. Au notes that circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is not interchangeable with cell-free DNA (cfDNA), which is not interchangeable with circulating tumor cells (CTCs):