(UroToday.com) The goals of treatment of non muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) are to reduce recurrence and prevent progression, however, despite optimal treatment, ≥50% of patients who demonstrated an initial response to Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) will experience recurrence and progression and become BCG-unresponsive. With limited treatment options, there is an unmet medical need for local, effective, bladder-preserving treatment options. Nadofaragene firadenovec is a non-replicating recombinant type-5 adenovirus vector-based gene therapy that delivers a copy of the human IFNα2b gene. Adenoviruses provide short-term, high but transient expression of the gene of interest in a relatively broad range of host cells.