Identifying non-muscle-invasive and muscle-invasive bladder cancer based on blood serum surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.
The assessment of the muscle invasion of bladder cancer typically plays a crucial role in therapeutic decision-making and has significant impacts on the recurrence rate and survival rate. Although histopathology is sufficiently accurate and usually served as the gold standard for bladder cancer diagnosis, it is invasive, time-consuming, and requires intensive sample preparation by a […]