Objectives: To investigate whether male patients with depression are at an increased risk of prostatitis. Methods: We used a universal insurance claims database in Taiwan from 2000 to 2010 to identify patients with newly diagnosed depression (n = 13,019) (depression cohort) and those without depression (n = 53,026) (comparison cohort). Both cohorts were matched by age and index year of depression incidence. Hazard ratios of prostatitis were calculated by multivariable Cox proportional hazard models. Results: The incidence of prostatitis demonstrated a 2-fold increase in the depression cohort in comparison with that observed in the non-depression cohort, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.70 after adjustment for age, occupation, urbanisation level, potential comorbidity and medication. Furthermore, patients with depression, relative to the non-depression cohort, were 1.85-fold more likely to develop acute prostatitis, 1.76-fold more likely to develop chronic prostatitis and 1.63-fold more likely to develop unspecific prostatitis. Major associations still existed; even those stratified by age, occupation, urbanisation level and comorbidity all showed greater increased risks of prostatitis in the depression cohort than in the non-depression cohort. Conclusions: Depression can be an independent factor associated with the increased risk of prostatitis for men. The incidence of chronic prostatitis is greater than that of acute prostatitis. Close surveillance for UTI and depression treatment and lifestyle intervention should be considered for men with high risk for prostatitis. The mechanism associated with the development of prostatitis in men with depression requires further study. In addition, the mechanism of prostatitis may need comprehensive investigation.
The world journal of biological psychiatry : the official journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry. 2019 Jun 14 [Epub ahead of print]
Chi-Shun Lien, Chi-Jung Chung, Cheng-Li Lin, Chao-Hsiang Chang
a Department of Urology , China Medical University and Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan., b Department of Health Risk Management, College of Public Health , China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan., d Management Office for Health Data , China Medical University and Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan.