Prognostic value of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in biomarker exploration using multiplex immunoassay in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with axitinib.

Vascular endothelial growth factor-directed therapies play a significant role in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Biomarkers for predicting treatment efficacy and resistance are required to develop personalized medicine.